This presentation discusses the complexities of First Amendment rights as they pertain to student and teacher speech within public schools. It highlights key court cases that have shaped the legal landscape, including Tinker v. Des Moines, Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeir, and Morse v. Frederick, which establish the boundaries of acceptable speech and expression in educational settings. The presentation also addresses current legal challenges regarding student speech, including cases related to misgendering and off-campus expression, emphasizing the ongoing evolution of these rights in schools. Additionally, the presentation covers the limitations on teacher speech, particularly in classroom discussions and as private citizens, using the Pickering Balancing Test to evaluate the impact of such speech on the school environment. It references recent cases involving religious speech and the use of preferred pronouns, illustrating the challenges educators face in navigating free speech rights while maintaining a conducive learning environment. Overall, the session aims to provide insights into the legal frameworks governing speech in schools and the implications for both staff and students.